HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ... CAUSES & CLINICAL MANIFESTIONS

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Hyperparathyroidism

-          Hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, usually caused by adenoma; hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the glands may also be responsible.

x Causes:

-          Absorption of calcium and excretion of phosphors by the kidney is increased.

-          Overproduction of parathormone characterized by bone decalcification and development of renal calculi (kidney stone).

x Clinical Manifestations:

1. Fatigue

2. Apathy

3. Muscle Weakness

4. Nausea

5. Vomiting

6. Constipation

7. Hypertension

8. Cardiac dysrhythmias

9. Anorexia

10. Deep bone pain

11. Renal Calculi

12. # Calcium

-          U/S and MRI and thallium scan and fine needle biopsy have been used to evaluate the function of the parathyroid & localize parathyroid cysts, adenomas or hyperplasia.

 x Therapeutic Intervention:

1. Parathyroidectomy

2. $ Calcium

3. Furesemide (Lasix)

4. # Fluids

5. Gallium nitrate, calcitionin or policamycin with glucocorticoid.

-          Complications: Hypercalcemic crisis: # level Ca gathers than 15 mg/d (3.7mmol/L).

x Diet:

$Calcium              #Fiber              #Fluids